A domain name is a human-readable address used to access websites on the internet. It represents the numeric IP addresses of web servers in an easy-to-remember format.
A domain name is part of the URL (Uniform Resource Locator) that specifies an address where internet resources such as websites are located. It consists of a series of labels separated by dots, typically including a top-level domain (TLD), a second-level domain (SLD), and possibly subdomains.
- Top-Level Domain (TLD): The last segment of the domain name, such as .com, .org, .net.
- Second-Level Domain (SLD): The segment directly to the left of the TLD. For example, in
example.com, “example” is the SLD. - Subdomain: A segment to the left of the SLD, which can be used to organize different sections of a website. For example,
blog.example.comhas “blog” as a subdomain.
JavaScript Example: JavaScript can be used to extract and manipulate parts of a domain name. Here’s a simple example:
const url = new URL('https://blog.example.com/path');
console.log(url.hostname); // Outputs: blog.example.com
// Extracting parts of the domain name
const parts = url.hostname.split('.');
const subdomain = parts.length > 2 ? parts[0] : null;
const sld = parts.length > 1 ? parts[parts.length - 2] : null;
const tld = parts.length > 0 ? parts[parts.length - 1] : null;
console.log(`Subdomain: ${subdomain}`); // Outputs: blog
console.log(`Second-Level Domain: ${sld}`); // Outputs: example
console.log(`Top-Level Domain: ${tld}`); // Outputs: com